Network

Flare has four networks, each serving different purposes, so choosing the right one is crucial. All of these networks operate on a permissionless basis:

Flare Mainnet. The production network where all the action happens. Transactions cost real money here.
Flare Testnet Coston2. Test your applications without spending real money. This should be your first choice when developing applications.
Songbird Canary-Network. Experimental proving ground for Flare.
Songbird Testnet Coston. The testnet for Songbird Canary-Network.

The most common development tracks are:

Flare Testnet Coston2 → Flare Mainnet: Recommended track for application developers.
Songbird Testnet Coston → Songbird Canary-Network → Flare Mainnet: Required track for all protocol level changes.

Configuration

Configuration for all Flare networks, along with public and private RPCs, blockchain explorers, and faucets.

Flare Mainnet
Flare Testnet Coston2
Songbird Canary-Network
Songbird Testnet Coston

Network name	Flare Mainnet
RPC (HTTPS)	`https://flare-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc`
RPC (WSS)	`wss://flare-api.flare.network/ext/bc/C/ws`
Chain ID	14
Currency symbol	FLR
Currency decimals	18
Blockchain Explorers	`https://flarescan.com` `https://flare-explorer.flare.network`
Private RPCs	API Portal
Faucets	-
Bootstrapping nodes	`https://flare-bootstrap.flare.network` `https://flare-bootstrap-1.staking.production.figment.io` `https://flare.senseinode.com`

RPC Connection code snippet

curl
web3.js
web3.py
go-ethereum
alloy-rs

curl https://flare-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_blockNumber","params":[],"id":1}'

import { Web3 } from "web3";

const web3 = new Web3("https://flare-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc");
web3.eth.getBlockNumber().then(console.log);

from web3 import Web3

w3 = Web3("https://flare-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc")
print(w3.eth.block_number)

package flare

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethclient"
)

func BlockNumber() {
	cl, _ := ethclient.Dial("https://flare-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc")
	blockNumber, _ := cl.BlockNumber(context.Background())
	fmt.Println(blockNumber)
}

use alloy::providers::{Provider, ProviderBuilder};
use eyre::Result;

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<()> {
    let provider =
        ProviderBuilder::new().on_http("https://flare-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc".parse()?);
    println!("{}", provider.get_block_number().await?);
    Ok(())
}

Network name	Flare Testnet Coston2
RPC (HTTPS)	`https://coston2-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc`
RPC (WSS)	`wss://coston2-api.flare.network/ext/bc/C/ws`
Chain ID	114
Currency symbol	C2FLR
Currency decimals	18
Blockchain Explorers	`https://coston2.testnet.flarescan.com` `https://coston2-explorer.flare.network`
Private RPCs	API Portal
Faucets	Coston2 Faucet
Bootstrapping nodes	`https://coston2-bootstrap.flare.network`

RPC Connection code snippet

curl
web3.js
web3.py
go-ethereum
alloy-rs

curl https://coston2-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_blockNumber","params":[],"id":1}'

import { Web3 } from "web3";

const web3 = new Web3("https://coston2-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc");
web3.eth.getBlockNumber().then(console.log);

from web3 import Web3

w3 = Web3("https://coston2-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc")
print(w3.eth.block_number)

package coston2

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethclient"
)

func BlockNumber() {
	cl, _ := ethclient.Dial("https://coston2-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc")
	blockNumber, _ := cl.BlockNumber(context.Background())
	fmt.Println(blockNumber)
}

use alloy::providers::{Provider, ProviderBuilder};
use eyre::Result;

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<()> {
    let provider =
        ProviderBuilder::new().on_http("https://coston2-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc".parse()?);
    println!("{}", provider.get_block_number().await?);
    Ok(())
}

Network name	Songbird Canary-Network
RPC (HTTPS)	`https://songbird-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc`
RPC (WSS)	`wss://songbird-api.flare.network/ext/bc/C/ws`
Chain ID	19
Currency symbol	SGB
Currency decimals	18
Blockchain Explorers	`https://songbird.flarescan.com` `https://songbird-explorer.flare.network`
Private RPCs	API Portal
Faucets	-
Bootstrapping nodes	`https://songbird.flare.network`

RPC Connection code snippet

curl
web3.js
web3.py
go-ethereum
alloy-rs

curl https://songbird-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_blockNumber","params":[],"id":1}'

import { Web3 } from "web3";

const web3 = new Web3("https://songbird-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc");
web3.eth.getBlockNumber().then(console.log);

from web3 import Web3

w3 = Web3("https://songbird-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc")
print(w3.eth.block_number)

package songbird

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethclient"
)

func BlockNumber() {
	cl, _ := ethclient.Dial("https://songbird-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc")
	blockNumber, _ := cl.BlockNumber(context.Background())
	fmt.Println(blockNumber)
}

use alloy::providers::{Provider, ProviderBuilder};
use eyre::Result;

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<()> {
    let provider =
        ProviderBuilder::new().on_http("https://songbird-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc".parse()?);
    println!("{}", provider.get_block_number().await?);
    Ok(())
}

Network name	Songbird Testnet Coston
RPC (HTTPS)	`https://coston-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc`
RPC (WSS)	`wss://coston-api.flare.network/ext/bc/C/ws`
Chain ID	16
Currency symbol	CFLR
Currency decimals	18
Blockchain Explorers	`https://coston.testnet.flarescan.com` `https://coston-explorer.flare.network`
Private RPCs	API Portal
Faucets	Coston Faucet
Bootstrapping nodes	`https://coston-bootstrap.flare.network`

RPC Connection code snippet

curl
web3.js
web3.py
go-ethereum
alloy-rs

curl https://coston-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_blockNumber","params":[],"id":1}'

import { Web3 } from "web3";

const web3 = new Web3("https://coston-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc");
web3.eth.getBlockNumber().then(console.log);

from web3 import Web3

w3 = Web3("https://coston-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc")
print(w3.eth.block_number)

package coston

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethclient"
)

func BlockNumber() {
	cl, _ := ethclient.Dial("https://coston-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc")
	blockNumber, _ := cl.BlockNumber(context.Background())
	fmt.Println(blockNumber)
}

use alloy::providers::{Provider, ProviderBuilder};
use eyre::Result;

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<()> {
    let provider =
        ProviderBuilder::new().on_http("https://coston-api.flare.network/ext/C/rpc".parse()?);
    println!("{}", provider.get_block_number().await?);
    Ok(())
}

Community tools

Developer tools for Flare built by the community including RPCs, bridges, indexers, account abstraction, wallet SDKs, and more.

Flare Mainnet
Flare Testnet Coston2
Songbird Canary-Network
Songbird Testnet Coston

RPCs	Ankr, Thirdweb, ChainList
Bridging	LayerZero V2, Stargate V2 (OFTs), zkBridge
Indexers	SubQuery, Subsquid
OAuth Login	Web3Auth
Account Abstraction	Etherspot Prime SDK
Wallet SDK	Wagmi, RainbowKit

RPCs	Ankr, Thirdweb, ChainList
Bridging	LayerZero V2
Indexers	-
OAuth Login	Web3Auth
Account Abstraction	Etherspot Prime SDK
Wallet SDK	Wagmi, RainbowKit

RPCs	Ankr, Thirdweb, ChainList
Bridging	-
Indexers	SubQuery, Subsquid
OAuth Login	Web3Auth
Account Abstraction	-
Wallet SDK	Wagmi, RainbowKit

RPCs	Ankr, Thirdweb, ChainList
Bridging	-
Indexers	-
OAuth Login	Web3Auth
Account Abstraction	-
Wallet SDK	Wagmi, RainbowKit

Supported wallets

Several desktop, browser and mobile app based wallets support Flare. Discover suitable options for your needs on the Flare Wallets page.

Transaction format

Address space: Matches Ethereum, 20-byte addresses using ECDSA.
Transaction format: Matches Ethereum, complies with EIP-2718, encoded with RLP.
Transaction fees:
- Type0 (Legacy) - Fee is calculated as gasUsed * gasPrice.
- Type2 (EIP-1559) - Fee is calculated as (baseFee + priorityFee) * gas. Both the base and priority fees are burned.

Smart contracts

RPC-API: Ethereum RPC API
Supported opcodes: All opcodes up to the London hard fork are supported.

Block verification

Header: Verifying block header in Go.
Body: Validating block body in Go.
Verify transaction in block: Merkle Patricia Trie verification against the receipt root.

Consensus

Sybil resistance mechanism: Proof-of-Stake (PoS)
Delegation: In-protocol
Block time: ≈1.8 seconds
Finality: Single-slot. Once a block is validated through the gossip protocol, it is finalized.
Transaction ordering: Leaders' discretion, default behaviour is priority gas auction.
Consensus mechanism: Snowman++ (from Avalanche) offers a high-throughput, totally ordered consensus mechanism alongside a leader protocol to minimize MEV.
Consensus participants: Validators vote on block proposals and serve as leaders. To serve as a validator, a node must meet a governance defined minimum self-bond. Validators are randomly selected as leaders to propose new blocks. The probability of being elected leader is proportional to the validator's stake.
Enshrined protocols: In addition to consensus, Flare validators are also data providers for FTSO and attestation providers for FDC.
Stake distribution: Network comprises over 90 validators with a median stake of ≈0.7% and a maximum stake of ≈3.3%. This includes both self-bonded and delegated stakes.

Adding Flare's native token FLR to your exchange

Flare is just like Ethereum. To add it to your exchange:

Set up an RPC node
Use the appropriate network configuration for Flare Mainnet

Additional info: Media & Branding, Flare source code

Configuration​

Community tools​

Supported wallets​

Transaction format​

Smart contracts​

Block verification​

Consensus​

Configuration

Community tools

Supported wallets

Transaction format

Smart contracts

Block verification

Consensus